Oil burner



July 11, 1939. E. l.. BAUER' VOIL BURNER vmeal sept. 24, 1935 4 2 vsheets-sham 1 4 INVENTOR:

July 11, 11939.

E. L. BAUER onJ BURNER Filed sept. 24,1935

2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR: .5v/ogy ou/s 54u52,

Patented July 11, 1939 OIL BURNER Emory' Louis Bauer, Wilmington, nel., assigner to Emory L. Bauer, Inc., Wilmington, Del., a corporation of Delaware Application September 24, 1935, Serial No. 41,854 In Canada February 16, 1935 2 Claims. (Cl. 158F-92) This invention relates to the art of oil burners, such as are commonly availed of for heating purposes, and the invention is primarily concerned with that type of burner, illustrated and described 5 in the application of Emory Louis Bauer,'for Oil burner, led December 1, 1933, bearing Serial No. 700,392, and which application has resulted in Patent No. 2,014,714, dated September 1'?, 1935.

A burner made in accordance with the said l0 patent application, above referred to, comprises,

Y generally, a re pot, to which fuel oil is supplied at a point adjacent to a pilot light, and the initial combustion causes a gasification of the oil so that it is readily susceptible to intermixture with air which is supplied to the re pot. It is this admixture of gasiedfuel oil and air which is consumed to provide for asmokeless combustion of the fuel with a Very slight residue resulting therefrom.

An important object of the present invention is to provide, in an oil burner of the general character above noted, a fire pot construction with which is associated improved means for introducing the fuel oil into the burner, so as to render the said fuel oil readily susceptible to gasiiication under the eiects ofl initial combustion. In attaining this end, the bottom of the fire pot is slightly depressed, and the fuel oil is introduced through an opening centrally of this depressed portion.

1 A further object of the instant invention is to provide, in association with a iire pot of the.type

above described, an air chamber for Apreheating the air, prior to the intermixing of the air with the gasified oil In accordance with this invention, the preheating of the 'air not only enhances the intermixing effects, but also greatlygimproves the circulatory action of the air throughout the entire re pot, so as to insure a complete car- 40 buretion at all the desired places in the re pot.

Another objective of the invention is the provision of air conducting means for introducing air directly into the re pot for the intermixture with the gasied fuel 011.

45 A somewhat more detailed object in view, is the provision of air conducting means across the bottom of the fire poton the under side thereof, so as to introduce the air into the fire pot, under substantially equal pressure entirely thereabout.v

50 Associated with this last mentioned objective, another end in view, is to provide` an enlarged portion which is included in the air conducting means and located on the under side of the fire pot, The presence of this enlarged portion 55 has the effect of equalizing or balancing the supply of, air as it is admittedto the fire pot on both sides thereof. I Another objective in view is to provide, in an oil burner of the characterdescribed, a. novel type of top structure which constitutes a means for con- `IS trolling the direction which is taken by air currents, as the latter come from the source of air supply and the air-heating chamber. In accordance with the precepts .of this invention, a plate is provided as the top closure for the said 10 air chamber, and thisplate is in the shape of a ring which is formed on its inner periphery with an inwardly extending flange, which ange is, in itself, effective to partially control the direction taken by the airemanating from the heating 15 chamber, This iiange may constitute a base, on which is mounted, additional lstructure for controlling the circulating action of the air and .gasified oil which may be intermixed therewith.

In oil burners of the type with which this in- 20 vention is concerned, a source of air supply is included as an essential element. This invention contemplates the use of a so-called blower which is effective to supply air to the fire pot andassociated parts under pressure, and this blower is 25' formed with an opening with which is operatively associated a. closure member that may be adjusted with respect to the casing of the blower to vary the amount of air which is supplied by the latter mechanism. '30 The ,airl conducting means introducing the air' directly 'into the re pot comprises, generally speaking, aring that is located interiorly of the re pot, adjacent to the upper edge thereof, and from it extend a plurality of arms, said ring and arms, all being formed with spaced openings, through which the air passes as it is introduced f into the fire pot. This ring is connected to air conduits which lead fromthe blower. l

Various other, more detailed objects and advantages will in part become apparent, and in part be hereinafterl stated as the description of the invention proceeds.

The invention, therefore, comprises a fire pot which is surrounded by an air` chamber, and which isformed with a slightly depressed bottom, in which is provided an opening for introducing fuel oil into the fire pot, A pilot light is located adjacent to said opening. At the upper edge of -the fire pot, a ring is located, and from which ring depend a plurality of arms, and in which ring and arms are formed a plurality of spaced openings designed to have air pass therethrough. This ring is conductively connected at vdiametricallyoppositepoints with conduits which extend to a source of air supplyin the form of a blower, and the connection between'the ring and these conduits is tightly' sealed by a novel type of packing.

The top of the air chamber is provided with means for deflecting and controlling the direction of air currents which come from the said chamber, and associated with the blower, are means for maintaining the closure thereof in anyadjusted position.

For a full and more complete understanding of the invention, reference may be had to the following description and accompanying drawings wherein: v

Figure 1 is a side view partly in elevation, and

partly in section of a lire pot, made in accord- Vparts broken away and shown in section, of the ring structure which, is located interiorly kof the re pot, adjacent to the upper edge thereof.

Figure 5 is a top plan view of the base of the fire pot, with the structure removed.

Figure 6 is a bottom plan view of the fire pot bringing out the construction of the pressure chamber in the air conduit thereacross. y

Figure 7 is a vertical section taken through the base of the iire pot. This view is taken about on the plane4 represented by the line 1.-1 of Figure 5.

Figure 8 is a detailed fragmentary view in section of the air chamber and re pot construction. This view is taken about on a plane represented by the line 8--8 of Figure 3.

Figure 9 is a detailed view in perspective of the split ring which is carried by the top closure for the air chamber for air deecting purposes.

Referring now to the drawings wherein like reference characteristics denote corresponding parts.

An oil burner, made in accordance with this invention, comprises a base 20 which may be supported in any approved manner as by the legs shown at 2|. 'I'he base 26 is provided with A a bottom 22 which is formed with a'slight depression therein that is conical in formation, as

clearly brought out in Figures l and '7, and at the apex of this conical depression an inlet conduit 23 is threaded into an opening in the bottom 22, which is formed at this point, this arrangement being clearly developed in Figure '7. Extending from the inlet conduit 23 is a pipe 24 which may lead to any desired source of fuel oil supply. Y y

The base 20 is formed with a groove or furrow 25 that extends about the bottom 22, and received in this groove or furrow 25 is the lower edge of a drum 26, which, together with the base 20 denes the combustion pot.

'The base 20 is also formed with a second groove or furrow 21 which encircles the inner furrow 25, and received in this furrow 21 is the lower edge of a shell 28, which, together with the drum 26, defines an air chamber.

The base 20 is provided with a plurality of openings 29, through which air enters into the chamber between the drum 26 and shell 28. At the top of the nre pot structure, the air chamber is closed by atop closure 30, which isprovided with a plurality of downwardly extending lugs 3|, which are spaced apart and formed with shoulders, as indicated at 32, and which shoulders engage the top edge of the drum 26.

These shoulders maintain the ring 30 spaced above the top edge of the drum 26, so that the lugs 3| denne openings 33, through which air may pass from the chamber between the shell 28 and drum 26, into the interior of the re pot.

'I'he ring 30 is formed,on its inner periphery, with an inwardly extending ange 34, which functions to deflect the air passing through the openings 33 radially inwardly. This deflecting function may be furthered by a deflecting ring of split construction, which is shown in Figure 9, as comprising the parts 35 and 35'. This deiiecting ring is carried by the flange 34.

Disposed within the drum v,26, at the upper edge thereof, is an air conduit in the form of a ring 36. Obviously, the shape of this ring 36 will conform to the shape of the re pot.

In the illustrated embodiment of the invention, the re pot is shown as circular, but it is to be clearly understood that the -invention is not to be limited in this respect, as the re pot may be of rectangular or other non-circular formation. Attention is called to the fact that the air conduit 36 is triangular in cross section, and is formed at diametrically opposite sides with hollow extensions 31 and 31', each of which are formed withK openings 38 which face downwardly.

It is notable that these extensions 31 are disposed wlthin the air chamber defined between drum 26 and shell 28..

The base 20.is formed with an air inlet,I as

shown at 39 from which extends an air conduit 40 that is located on the under side of the bottom 22, and extends entirely thereacross. This air inlet 39 is divided by a partition 4|, so that a current of air, under pressure, from a blower, shown `at 42, is divided, `a portion thereof passing through the air conduit 40, while the other portion is directed through the passageway 43 to a pipe 44, which is connectedto the extension 31, as indicated at 38. v .l

The conduit 40, which extends across the under side of the bottom 22, is provided with a pressure chamber in the form of an enlargement at v44 are not provided with such pressure chamber, by virtue of their shorter length. The conduit 40 is reduced at 46 and connected with a pipe 41 that extends upwardly through the air chamber between the shell 26 and drum 26 where it is connected to the extension 31.

Referring now to Figure 4, the ring conduit 36 is shown as triangular in cross section and formed with an annular shoulder 48 having perforations 49 located on the inner edge of said shoulder. These perforations 49 communicate with the air space on the interior of the ring 36. Depending from the ring conduit 36, are a plurality of legs 50, which are of a hollow cunstruction and are perforatedI at 5| and shown as triangular in cross section, as is the ring 30; and three in number. lIt is to be clearly understood that the invention is notv to be limited in these respects, because obviously these details could be varied without departing from the spirit of the invention. j

Referringnow more particularly to'Flgure 7 it is notable that overhanging the fuel inlet 23 is a pilot 52 which may be connected by a pipe 53 with any approved source of gas supply. This pilot 52 is effective to provide a flame at 54 which is directed downwardly immediately upon the top of the pool of oil which is introduced into the base 20 in the conical depression therein. 'Ihe mode of operation of the nre pot, aboveY described, is thought to be obvious, but it may be briefly outlined bynoting that fuel bilis conveyed by the pipe 24 to the inlet at`23 where it is introduced into the sump formed in the base 20. The pilot flame 54 causes initial combustion 'of this fuel oli so that it is gasied.

As combustion takes place in the fire p ot defined by the base 20 and drum 26, air in the chamber between the shell 28 and drum 26, is heated. Due to this heating, the airgpasses upwardly and through the openings 33 into the .interior of the re pot. The direction whichy the air currents take in iiowing throughthe openings 33 is controlled by the flange 34 and defiector ring 35. It will be noted that fresh air is continuously admitted to the chamber between the shell 22 andjdrum 2 8 through the openings129.

' From the conduits 40 and 43, the air passes through pipes 41 and 44 to 'the extensions 31' and 31` and into the ring conduit 33 and legs 50. This air then passes through the several openings 49 and 5l into the interior ofthe hre pot where it is intermixed with thev gasiiiedl fuel oil. This mixture oi air and gasi-fled fuel oil passes upwardly and additional air from the chamber between the shell 23 and the drum 26 3 is also mixed therewith, whereupon the resultlng gaseous mixture is completely consumed to provide a smokeless combustion of great heating efficiency. x

With the oil burner of this invention, the fuel oil is consumed so that only a slight residue is left, and this residue is present only in the base 20 which may be. cleaned at intervals which are spaced very far apart. It has been found that one cleaning for each annual period sufces for a seasons operation cir the re pot.

While a preferred, specic embodiment of this invention is hereinbefore set forth, it is to be understood that I am not to be limited to the exact construction illustrated and described, because various modifications of these'details may be provided in putting the invention into practice within the purview of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. An oil4 burner of the character described comprising a rire pot having an air-tight wall and a gas and flame outlet opening at its top, means for delivering oil into said re pot, means for delivering .air under pressure greater than atmospheric pressure into said fire pot, and means independent of said last-mentioned means for delivering a current of air by aspiration around and above said gas and iiame outlet openmg.

2. An oil burner of the character described comprising a fire pot having an air-tight wall and a gasand llame outlet opening at its top,

meansfor delivering air under pressure greater than atmospheric pressure into said lire pot, and

a jacket arranged around and spaced from said fire pot to provide an air conduit in communication with the atmosphere at its lower endl and in communication with the space above and' around said ame outlet opening of said fire pot at its upper end.

f EMORY LOUIS BAUER. 

